Mott insulator refers to some condensed-matter systems in which the transport property is greatly influenced by the particle-particle interaction, in contrast with the band insulator, in which the conductivity is greatly influence by the [[band gap]]. An example of physical realization of the Mott insulator state can be created with [[optical lattices]], in which neutral Bosonic atoms are trapped. Theoretically, Mott-insulator state can be studied quantitatively with the [[Hubbard model]] (for Fermions) or the [[Bose-Hubbard model]] (for bosons).
