The recent Nobel Prize attributed Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines illustrates the immense potential of nanotechnology-based mRNA assemblies. Thus, recent developments in the field of biomolecular sciences have shown the scientific impact of the resulting systems to contribute to a wide spectrum of scientific disciplines, ranging from fundamental bioorganic chemistry to soft matter, and from chemistry to biology and medicine.